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2月25日

DR. DENNIS GABOR - Noble Prize Winner for Holography

Dr. Dennis Gábor was born in 1900, studied electrical engineering in Berlin. In 1927 he received Doctorate of Engineering from Techniscje Hochschule. His doctorate work was the development of one of the first high speed cathode ray oscillographs and in the course of this, made the first iron-shrouded magnetic electron lens. He started his career with Siemens & Halske AG Berlin, working on gas discharges and plasmas. He invented the mercury lamp while attempting to develop a cadmium lamp which proved unsuccessful.

In 1934 Gabor went to the British Thomson-Houston Co. Research Laboratory, Rugby, England, on an inventor's agreement. On January 1, 1949 he joined the Imperial College of Science & Technology in London, first as a Reader in Electronics, and later as Professor of Applied Electron Physics, until 1967. From 1949-67 Gabor carried out some 20, mostly experimental, investigations with his Ph.D. assistants.  They cleared up the "Langmuir Paradox"; the surprisingly fast apparent establishment of Maxwellian distributions of electrons in a low-pressure plasma, which had worried Gabor for 25 years. He with his colleagues developed: a holographic microscope; a new electron-velocity spectroscope; an analogue computer which was a universal, non-linear "learning" predictor, recognizer and simulator of time series; a flat, thin color television tube; and a new type of thermionic converter.
Links:
Autobiography
http://www.de.nobel.se/laureates/physics-1971-1-autobio.html
http://news.homai.org/category/autobiography/

 

2月7日

Counterfeiting - Crime of 21st Century

Federal Bureau of Investigation has referred counterfeiting as a crime of 21st century. World wide, in comparison to counterfeiting bank robberies account for less than $ 100 million per year. With in a decade the flow of counterfeit goods is nearly 100 times what it was 20 years ago.

COUNTERFEITING affects us all:

  • Permeates almost all of legitimate businesses & industry. 
  • Among the fastest growing global economic crimes — second only to drug trafficking or dealing in illicit firearms. The commercial crime is growing faster than international trade.
  • Virtually a parallel market — growing 8-10% yearly - faster than int’l trade.
  • Frequently plays a part in laundering of drug money.
  • Has developed into a sophisticated network of organized crime & terrorism.
  • Often leads to human tragedies. 

COUNTERFEITING RESULTS INTO A HUGE LOSS:

Loss to economy:

  • Globally FMCG sector looses USD $ 650 million per year due to counterfeiting.
  • Indian economy loses USD $ 200 million in FMCG sector due to counterfeiting.
  • In the USA a report released by Institute of Policy Innovation (IPI) - US economy loses $ 12.5 million due to global piracy of music.
  • India Software industry loses USD $ 1250 million due to software piracy.
  • A drop in counterfeiting auto parts will add 210,000 jobs to US Auto industry (US Federal Trade Commissions).
  • Russia economy looses $ 1 billion due to non-payment of taxes, excise duty, octroi etc.
  • 10% of the personal care products traded worldwide are counterfeit.
  • 10% of the major soft drinks sold in India are fakes, 10-30% of cosmetics, toiletries and packaged foods are fake.
  • Major international alcohol brands lose $ 300 million per year due to counterfeiting.
  • The auto-component industry is roughly worth Rs 41,000 crore (Rs 410 billion), which puts the fake market between Rs 15,170 crore (Rs 151.70 billion) and Rs 19,270 crore (Rs 192.70 billion).

 

STATISTICS RELATED TO COUNTERFEITING

Counterfeit and Pirated Products Index:
$295.07 Billion

Market Overview

28 Counterfeit Products Listed

Product Average: $10.53 Billion

Counterfeit and Piracy Market Index

Source:   Calculation of available products in the country. Products listed below, with source of figure listed on product page.

Counterfeit and Pirated Product

S.No                    Category Market Value
(In USD)
1 Technology Products 100 Billion
2 Web Videos 60 Billion
3 Pharmaceutical Drugs 40 Billion
4 Software 39.5 Billion
5 Movies 18.2 Billion
6 Auto Parts 12 Billion
7 Clothing 8.24 Billion
8 Music 4.5 Billion
9 Cigarettes 4 Billion
10 Mobile Phone Entertainment 3.4 Billion
11 Cosmetics 3.0 Billion
12 Video Games 3.0 Billion
13 Airline Parts 2 Billion
14 Small Arms 1.8 Billion
15 Cable 1.54 Billion
16 Shoes 920 Million
17 Watches 655 Million
18 Pesticides 650 Million
19 Books 600 Million
20 Sports Memorabilia 500 Million
21 Alcohol 300 Million
22 Toys 131 Million
23 Cuban Cigars 100 Million
24 Purses 70 Million
25 Dollars 61 Million
26 Lighters 42 Million
27 Batteries 23 Million
28 Money Orders 3.7 Million
                                                 Total 295.07 Billion

Counterfeit and Piracy Market  Index:
$527.01 Billion

Market Overview

59 Counterfeit Markets Listed

Average Market: $8.77 Billion

Counterfeit and Pirated Products Index

Source:   Calculation of available products in the country. Products listed below, with source of figure listed on product page.

Ranking                  Country Market Value
(In USD)
1 United States 225 Billion
2 Japan 75 Billion
3 China 60 Billion
4 Germany 32.25 Billion
5 Canada 30 Billion
6 United Kingdom 19.5 Billion
7 Brazil 15 Billion
8 South Korea 14.2 Billion
9 Mexico 12.5 Billion
10 Italy 10.25 Billion
11 France 7.8 Billion
12 Russia 6.0 Billion
13 India 2.8 Billion
14 Peru 2.0 Billion
15 Switzerland 1.6 Billion
16 Spain 1.2 Billion
17 Thailand 805.7 Million
18 Argentina 707 Million
19 Australia 690 Million
20 North Korea 620 Million
21 Poland 615 Million
22 Israel 500 Million
23 Taiwan 476.1 Million
24 Indonesia 455 Million
25 Sweden 448.3 Million
26 Netherlands 419 Million
27 Ukraine 405 Million
28 Malaysia 384 Million
29 Turkey 383 Million
30 Venezuela 340 Million
31 Pakistan 333 Million
32 Saudi Arabia 320 Million
33 South Africa 303 Million
34 Greece 297.2 Million
35 Philippines 262.2 Million
36 Kenya 260 Million
37 Hungary 237 Million
38 Morocco 226 Million
39 Colombia 220.5 Million
40 Chile 203.6 Million
41 Bangladesh 188 Million
42 Denmark 183 Million
43 Czech Republic 182 Million
44 Nigeria 160 Million
45 Finland 149 Million
46 Egypt 145.3 Million
47 Romania 140 Million
48 Singapore 136.2 Million
49 Vietnam 132 Million
50 Laos 105 Million
51 Cuba 100 Million
52 Ireland 92 Million
53 Ecuador 65 Million
54 Moldova 56 Million
55 New Zealand 49 Million
56 Bolivia 40 Million
57 Nepal 5.6 Million
58 Cambodia 5 Million
59 Burma / Myanmar 4 Million
                                           Total 527 Billion

Encouraging Initiatives - Pharma Packaging

Pharmaceutical counterfeiting and purchasing medicines from illegal distributions channels have become more and more common and a big problem in our country. Difference medicines and drugs are involved. An alarmingly high proportion of anti-malarial drugs brought in pharmacies and shops are counterfeit, and the problem has only increased significantly in recent years. Recent and widespread appearance of counterfeit artesunate tablets in several countries in South-East Asia including India poses a serious threat to health in this region. In some countries, up to 50 percent medicines are fakes, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) the growing counterfeit drug market is going to be worth a hefty $75 billion globally by 2010.

 

The difficulty to monitor the spread of fake drugs is that counterfeit medicines are easy to manufacture- they look like genuine drugs in packaging and labeling. Another problems is the wide availability of controlled drugs-narcotics, benzodiazepines, amphetamines and other internationally controlled drugs are easily developed in many developing countries. In addition, countries with weak regulations are most vulnerable to the marketing of counterfeit drugs. Illegal pharmacies and the sale of medicines over the Internet have aggravated the problem further. The rapid expansions of unregulated markets has dramatically worsened the situation. The problem of counterfeit medication and abuse of pharmaceuticals containing controlled substances bought without prescriptions has increased alarmingly and poses graves risks to public health.

 

The counterfeit drug industry is currently booming with estimates that the black market would reach $75 billion by 2010. Radio frequency identification (RFID) tags, barcodes and various other solutions have been offered to the industry as security measures. New holograms products like the ones manufactured by an innovative new platform technology which can react to simple stimuli such as breath or water to reveal a hidden image or change colour to confirm a product's authenticity, promise to be a novel arrow in the quiver of the pharma industry in its attempts to shoot down drug counterfeiters. These smart holograms as they are called, use a variety of polymers between layers of film which are turned to react to different stimuli. The polymers swell as a result of the stimuli and light is refracted in a different way, giving a visual response to verify authenticity. The smart holograms can be integrated into a supply chain to any extent a manufacture chooses, as the hidden image can be designed to fade and reappear as the stimulus is re-applied at a later stage, or employed as a single use feature with the revealed image remaining permanently.

 

The holograms can be used as a track and trace mechanism. and combined with specialization as well as hidden images to produce both overt and covert security features. The extensive technological research that has gone into the product and the manufacturing complexity will make it an unattractive option for counterfeiters, as is being fervently hoped by the industry.

Holographic Packaging - Future of Dressing up a Brand

Packaging is the dress code of any brand.  According to wikipedia "Packaging is the science, art and technology of enclosing or protecting products for distribution, storage, sale, and use. Packaging also refers to the process of design, evaluation, and production of packages. Packaging is heavily integrated into our daily lives, we see it all around us, on everyday items such as chocolate bars and potato chip (crisp) packets. The main use for packaging is protection of the goods inside, but packaging also provides us with a recognizable logo, or packaging, we instantly know what the goods are inside. If you get it right, you are sure to impress all those who matter. In this age of cut-throat competition nothing cuts through the clutter like unique packaging. Not every good packaging idea comes with a price tag. A little creative thinking is all that is needed.

Now, Welcome to the new age of holographic packaging - The art of future dressing up of brand.

It’s not often that a simple design element can be so flexible in its use and so remarkable in its effectiveness.

The impact of holography on packaging is immediate, getting the attention of your customers and moving your product off the shelf. In this era the innovative use of holographic packaging has a proven track record of increasing sales.

Brach & Brock Candy Company projected a three-fold increase in sales using holographic packaging.

"Sparkling hologram bags that practically glow on the shelf to catch shoppers' attention." That's how Brach & Brock Confections describes the packaging for its new Street Sharks Gummy Candies and Batman & Robin Fruit Snacks and Gummy Candy."

An example: Blanton Whiskey added a hologram to its bottle and this led to an instant and increased sale .

The holographic packaging provides eye catching visual impact, authentication, and added value. In reality, all products are subject to counterfeiting. Hence proper holographic packaging on consumer goods serve an important way for brand protection.

In February 1999, when Colgate-Palmolive Canada decided to enter the whitening toothpaste market for the first time, it knew it had to capture attention quickly in a lively, competitive environment ... and the Colgate name alone wasn't going to carry the day. The company hoped to win over loyal users of competitive brands, and persuade even users of its own standard toothpaste to upgrade to its new brand, "Colgate Sensation." As a late entry into the marketplace, it was likely to be facing an uphill climb. Colgate-Palmolive's global headquarters in New York recommended using a holographic package to break through shelf clutter, grab consumer attention and establish the presence of the new product in the market.

According to Philip Durocher Director of Marketing “ We wanted to present the public with a premium package,A package that would reflect what people think their smiles should be like--sparkling and dazzling."

Holographic packaging films are ideal for flexible or rigid packaging. In an already crowded marketplace, the ability of a product to get noticed due to the sheer packaging is an invaluable tool to retain and increase market share. Application of holographic packaging is already extremely diverse ranging from toothpaste packaging to chewing gum wrappers. Hologram packaging includes flexible packaging, board packaging, rigid box, pack packaging etc. There are several reasons why holographic packaging is becoming crucial in today's context. Both the ethical and OTC environments demand better, more efficient packaging. There are many reasons which improves the usage of holographic packaging. 

The advantages of holographic packaging are manifold:

  • Inherent security of holography against counterfeit
  • Customer perceives higher value addition
  • Greater & High impact at the point of sale
  • Enhanced aesthetics ensuring a Premium look

"According to recently published report by PIRA hologram types and geographic markets will show the highest levels of growth and offer the most opportunities to hologram manufacturers."

Problems of packaging terrorism and product piracy are increasing. The use of  holography is a cost-effective way of countering these which, at the same time, adds to the attractiveness of the pack. ACROSS THE whole range of packaging applications, there is no more creative or secure medium than holography.

Global Packaging Industry is worth US$424 billion. Our holography industry share in packaging is $ 1.9 million.

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Talking about Best Country to travel in world

 

Quote

Best Country to travel in world
Culture and heritage is what sets Hong Kong apart from the rest of Asia – indeed the world. Hong Kong is a unique fusion of Eastern and Western cultures where the old and the new live side by side. Its incense-filled temples, glass-and-steel skyscrapers and noisy festivals have made Hong Kong the premier tourist destination in Asia.
Cultural Kaleidoscope programme: Let a cultural connoisseur introduce you to their Hong Kong.
Festivals: Join the throngs to celebrate the colourful kaleidoscope of Chinese festivals.
Museums: Whether you want to visit the earliest days of Hong Kong or explore the frontiers of science, Hong Kong’s museums offer great exhibits with fun for the whole family.
Heritage Tours: Out and about for a fascinating glimpse into Hong Kong’s still vibrant past.
Declared Monuments: From timeless temples to colonial buildings and more. I visited Makau. I think travelling by ferry in night is the most amaging and wonderful moments it was.

Best Country to travel in world

Culture and heritage is what sets Hong Kong apart from the rest of Asia – indeed the world. Hong Kong is a unique fusion of Eastern and Western cultures where the old and the new live side by side. Its incense-filled temples, glass-and-steel skyscrapers and noisy festivals have made Hong Kong the premier tourist destination in Asia.
Cultural Kaleidoscope programme: Let a cultural connoisseur introduce you to their Hong Kong.
Festivals: Join the throngs to celebrate the colourful kaleidoscope of Chinese festivals.
Museums: Whether you want to visit the earliest days of Hong Kong or explore the frontiers of science, Hong Kong’s museums offer great exhibits with fun for the whole family.
Heritage Tours: Out and about for a fascinating glimpse into Hong Kong’s still vibrant past.
Declared Monuments: From timeless temples to colonial buildings and more. I visited Makau. I think travelling by ferry in night is the most amaging and wonderful moments it was.